Steam-turbine.



H. T. HERB.

STEAM TURBINE. APPILICATION men APR. 16, i9l3.

RENEWED MAY 2!,19'7. 1,298,206. Patented Man. 25, 1919.

INVENTOR,

1M um HIS A-TT6RNEY FACT.

20 bine constructed 1n accordance with my 111- rrurrnn Arne PATENT oraion.

HERBERT T. HERE, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 WESTINGHOUSEEIhECIRIU 5c MAETUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

Application filed April 16, 1913, Serial No. 761,619. Renewed May 21,191.7. Serial No. 170,081.

r 1 which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbines and one or" the objects is to providea turbine through which large volumes of steam may be passed withoutincreasing the lengths of the blades of the low pressure sections tosuch a size that they will be diliicult to construct and to mount on therotor element.

Another object of the invention is to providea turbine of this classwhich will be balanced and which will not require dummy pistons andpacking glands.

- The figure in the drawin is a vertical longitudinal sectional Viewtfilrough a turvention.

. nozzle 13 from the inlet 14. 15 and 16 are intermediate sections ofthe Parsons or reaction or any other type through Which the steamexhausted from the impulse wheel I passes, it being understood that theturbine here shown is of the double-flow type. 17 and 18 designatesections of lower pressure from which the steam is exhausted into thelow pressure sections 19 and 20. As the low pressure sections 19 and 20are duplicates in so far as their-treatment of steam is concerned, Iwill describe only one of them.

By reference to the low pressure section 19 it will be seen that thesteam ekhausted from section 17 is divided and part passes through thesub-section 21 and partpasses through a similar section 22. Thesub-sections 21 and. 22 exhaust into the space 23 between the sectionsQland 22 from which the steam passes into the exhaust 24. In the presentinstance, the passage 25 for directing the steam into the division 22 isformed in the walls of the stator 11, although it may be a pipe ledoutside of the turbine stator if so I desired. .At the end of thesection 19 is a sub-section 26 which opcratcs in parallel withsub-sections 21 and 22 and may be considered a part of the section 19.Any number of sub-sections similar to 21 and 22 may be employed ifdesired.

Instead of describing in detail the section 20, I have applied referencenumerals to the various parts corresponding, to those used in describingsection 19, with the exception that "to those numerals applied tosection 20 I have applied the exponent 1.

Inasmuch as the drawing practically self-explanatory it is not deemednecessary to enter into a detailed description of the passage of thesteam, as this is clearly indicated by the arrows; but attention iscalled to the fact that in the sections 19 and "20 the steam passesthrough the sub-sections thereof in opposite directions so as to tend tobalance the turbine. By providing two subsections for each section theindividual blade areas are materially reduced, as for example, bydividing the section 19 into two sub-sections, the blade areas may beone-half the size that would be required to take care of a similaramount of steam if only one section were used.

A construction of turbine similar to the one just described isparticularly applicable to units generating high power, or in otherwords, turbines passing large volumes of steam for power purposes.

Having thus described my invention, I claim is:

1. A turbine comprising a working section through which. the. fluidflows in one axial direction only, a divided flow secondary sectionreceiving; fluid from said working section, and a triple flow section ateach end of said divided flow section, and each receiving motive fluidfrom the adjacent sub-section of the divided flow section.

2. In a turbine, an initial section, a divided flow secondary sectionthrough the separate sub-sections of which motive fluid flows inseparate streams, and a triple flow low pressure section receiving fluidfrom each sub-section oi the secondary section.

3. In a. turbine, a double fiow working section through the separatesub-sections of what awhich motive. fluid flows in opposite direcdividedinto at least three sub-sections and each receiving motive fluid fromthe adjacent sub-sections of the divided flow section.

5. A turbine comprising a casing divided .into a middle and two endcompartments tion, a plurality of blade-carrying wheels located in eachend compartment and mounted on the rotorelement, blades mounted on eachwheel, and means for directing the fluid discharged from each set ofblades, located in. the middle compart-' ment, in separate streams, tothe blades mounted on the blade-carrying wheels in the adjacent endcompartment, and means for admitting motive fluid to said middlecompartment.

6. A turbine comprising a stator, having an exhaust port at each end, arotor element located within said stator, two sets of blades mounted onthe rotor element and forming with fluid delivery elements mounted onthe stator a divided flow turbine section, a plurality of blade-carryingwheels located within the stator near each tend thereof, blades mountedon each wheel, cooperating fluid delivery elements mounted on thestator, and means for delivering the motive fluid discharged from eachsub-section of the divided flow section to the sev-.

eral sets of blades mounted on the adjacent blade-carrying wheels.

7. A turbine comprising a stator, having an exhaust port at each endthereof, and a fluid admission port intermediate the-ends, a rotorelement located within said casing, a blade carrying wheel mounted onsaid element midway between the ends thereof, impulse blades mounted onthe wheel and receiving fluid from said admission port, a separate setof blades mounted on the rotor element on each side of the bladecarryingwheel and each receiving motive fluid discharged from the wheel, aplurality of blade-carrying wheels on the rotor element and located ateach end of the casing, blades mounted on each wheel and means fordividing the fluid discharged from each of said sets of blades and fordelivering it to the said blades mounted on the bladecarrying wheelslocated 'in the adjacent end of the casing.

8. A turbine comprising a section through which fluid flows in one axialdirection, a divided flow into at least three sub-sections which operatein parallel on fluid discharged from the first mentioned section, andmeans for pass- 111g fluid discharged from the first mentandem with saidsection,

low pressure section divided tioned section around two sub-sections ofthe divided flow section and for delivering it to one of thesub-sections around which it is passed and to an additional sub-sectionof the divided section.

9. A turbine comprising a section through which the fluid flows in oneaxial direction only, and a divided flow section having at least threesub-sections, receiving fluid from said first-mentioned section andthrough two .of the sub-sections of which the fluid flows in oppositedirections.

10. In an organized turbine apparatus, a turbine section through whichfluid flows in one axial direction, a divided flow low-pressure turbineelement, operating in tandem with the single flow section, andcomprising at least three separate sets of blades through adjacent setsof which fluid flows in opposite axial directions, and means communicating with the exhaust of the first mentioned section fordelivering fluid to the separate sets of blades of the low-pressureturbine element.

11. In an organized turbine apparatus, a turbine section, a divided-flowturbine element, operating in tandem with the section, and comprising atleast three separate sets of blades receiving fluid from the section,

and through each pair of adjacent sets of which the fluid flowsinvopposite directions, and means communicating with the exhaust of thesection for conveying fluid discharged from the section past two of thesets of blades of the divided-flow turbine element, and for deliveringfluid to one of the sets past which it is conveyed, and to an addi-.tional set of blades of the divided flow element through which the fluidflows in an opposite axial direction.

12. In an organized turbine apparatus, a turbine section, a low-pressureturbine element, divided into at least three sub-sections, through twoof the sub-sections of which fluid flows in opposite directions, andmeans communicating with the exhaust of the first mentioned section fordividing the fluid issuing therefrom into at least two separate streams,and for delivering the separate streams of fluid to the divided fiowturbine element.

13. In an organized turbine apparatus, a turbine section through whichthe fluid flows in one axial direction only, a divided flow low-pressureturbine element operating in V and comprising at least three separatesub-sections, through two of whichthe fluid flows in opposite axialdirections, and means communicating with the flrst-n'lentioned turbinesection for delivering fluid from said section to each of thesub-sections of the low-pressure element.

14. In combination with a turbine section, a low-pressure turbineelement receiving fluid therefrom, and through which fluid flows in atleast three separate streai'ns in passing to the exhaust of theorganized apparatus, said element comprising at least three sub-Sectionsto which tluid, discharged from said first-mentioned section, isdelivered, and through adjacent subsections of which the fluid flows inopposite directions.

15. In combination with a turbine section, a low-pressure turbineelement, comprising more than two subsections having a common rotor andcommon stator element. and through some of the sub-sections of whichfluid flows in opposite directions. and means communicating with theexhaust ot the first mentioned section for delivering fluid, dischargedtherefrom, in at least two separate streams, to the separatesub-sections ot the low-pressure turbine elements.

16. In con'ibination in an organized turbine apparatus, a turbinesection, adapted to partially expand the motive fluid delivered to it, asecond turbine section adapted to receive fluid discharged vfrom thefirst-mentioned section, and emnprising three separate blade-carryingelements located in a connnon casing, a plurality of rows of bladesmounted on each elenurnt. and m ans within the casing for directing thefluid discharged from one row of l'ilades to the next adjacent. row, andmeans comn'mnicating with the discharge of said tirst-mentioned sectionfor conveying fluid issuing therefrom, past the blades mounted on atleast one of said elements, and for delivering the fluid so conve'ved,to blades on the element, past which it conveyed, and to blades on anyother of said elements, through which the tluid flows in an oppositeaxial direction.

17. In an' organized turbine apparatus, a turbine section through whichthe fluid tlows in one axial direction only, a low pressure se ction,divided into three subsections, wnich operate in parallel on fluiddischarged from the first mentioned section and through some of whichthe fluid flows in opposite axial directions, and means for deliveringthe lluid discharged from the first mentioncd section in at least twoseparate streams to the low pressure section.

18. In an organized turbine apparatus. a turbine section for partiallexpanding the motive fluid delivered thereto, a low pressure section forexpanding the motive tluid delivered thereto to exhaust pressure, andcomprising three separate sub-sections operating in parallel on fluiddischarged from the first mentioned section and through two of which thefluid tlows in opposite axial directions.

"19. In a turbine, a rotor comprising av drum having pressure bladesarranged thereupon and a disk, carrying not more than two rows ofperipherally attached low pressure blades, fixed to the low pressure endoi? the drum so as to constitute a head therefor, said disk being,further, of greater diameter than the drum aml the shaft being dividedso that the drum lies between its inner ends.

20. In a turbine, a rotor comprising a drum having pressure bladcsarranged themupon and a disk, carrying not more than two rows ofperipherally attached low pressure blades, fixed to the low pressure endof the drum so as to constitute a head thercl'or. said disk being oigreater diameter than the drum and having its central part extended onthe side away from the drum to constitute one end of the shaft.

In testimony whereof, I havehereunto subscribed my name this 12th day ofApril, 1913.

IV i tnesses C. IV. MoGumc, Am Rome.

